Machine-tool organization



E.' J.. Kl-:ARNEY ETAL MACHINE TOOL ORGANIZATION wind Jan. 20.' 192e INVENTR www WTRNEY Nov. 18, 1930.

, ab the heat generated bythe transmission mech"- L are no-t always adequate or entirely satisfaclll Ylfatented Nov. i 18, 1930 UNiTEDsTAI-Es PATENT omen EDWARD JKEARNEY, OF WAUwATosA, AND JOSEPH n; A RMITAGE, OF. MILWAUKEE,

WISCONSIN, AssIGNORs To KEARNRY a WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION or wIsOoN SIN MACHINE-TOOL ORGANIZATION Y 'lippna'ti'oa inea January 20, 19,26. 4senarNa-ftasa/i..

close associationof the motor and transmis f sion mechanism creates peculiardiihculties, both as to a transmission organization which will permit the manufacturerto furnish Ythey machine in Veither, style, and alsov as to the heat set up by the motor when `the machine ismotor driven. The'motor Aheatfadded to anism mayoverheatgthe machine and cause the frame to warp or the bearings to stick, 4or cause other diiiiculties. Ventilating fans have been used for cooling, the motor, but

tory.

It is a main purpose of the invention Ato rprovide 'cooling means, without the use of fans or blowers, for a machine tooldriven from a motor enclosedin the column structure and closely associated with the transmission mechanism. l

Another purpose lis to provide cooling means for motor driven tools in an organization such that the cooling passages orsome of them serve other purposes in the organization, as'for instance to provide an enclosed* passageway or guard for the belt driven machines or to provide Ventilating means for cooling thetransmission mechanism of the belt driven machine, since even in belt driven machines the heating may vbecome `objectionable. i n

nf machines in which themotoris closelyv associated with the transmission vmechanism as.v above described, we have :found that it is ot' great'utility to provide a continuous circulation of `cooling tluid from therelatively cool base or lower portions ofthe machine 3 to ther upper o r relatively hot portions. Such 'TRECKER CORPORATION, GEWEST JAIILIS,v

iuid may be a. lubricant which sprays over the gears and4 hearings of the transmission absorbing the localized heat generated in such gears and bearings and dissipating such .heat through contact with the relatively cool walls and lower reservoir, Another purpose there*- fore relates to the combination with a VIna-` chinetool as previously described 'ofa contii'iuousfluid circulating system in a manner which permitsthe other purposes herein mentioned `and material-ly aidsv in coolingv the motordriven machinetool.- l y within the structure as described, it is necese saryto provide access tothe motor lfor inspec tion and repairs, Another purpose therefore.v

relates .to'a structure adapted for. the other In machines'in which the motor ris enclosed purposes herein mentioned and including a removable portion which cooperates to support portions ofthe transmission mechanism,

or to form a'lportion of the Ventilating passages,vor 'a portion of the cooling `Huidy passages,and to enclose the motor while permitting free access thereto.

Another purposejis to so organize the mafchine thatit is well adapted to be actuated eitherby the' means of a flexible drive member such as va belt, from a power source, such as aline shaft pulley 'exterior to, or distant from the machine, or by the means of a motor or similar powerV source supported by and closely organizedV with Vthe machine.

`Another purpose is toprovide a main support in which r a5-motor chamber ina lower portion thereofcommunicates with the upper Aportion of the structure by the meansof a substantial passageway and' isA there provided with a substantial opening to the outside air,

there beingfalso an opening intothe motor vchamber ata lower portionof the structure;

theV passageway providing in eect, a chim- V ney adapted when the motor is operated and theair in the motor chamber is heated from the heat generated bythe motor, to create a draft or air current through the motor chamber for the cooling of the motor ;V air being drawn 'from thev comparatively cool lower air strata, and the heated air being dischargedat an upper level of the structure. Such' construction also tends to establish and ioo maintain a uniform temperature throughout the machine. Y

Another purpose is to provide a column structure having` a construction as just described, so` organized in relation with the transmission mechanism of the machine tool that the upper opening and the passageway serve, when the machine is4 operated fro-m an outside sourcesuch as a line shaft, to provide space for a belt to enter and leave the structure through the upper opening and to be Vhoused within the passageway to drive a`pul leyenclosed in a lower portion of theopassageway, whereby the operator of the machine is protected from the moving belt throughout the zone of his'activities in the operation'of the machine.

lAnother purpose is to provide forl such a combination as just mentioned, suitable means to guide the moving belt portions and to HX the path thereof within the passageway, irrespective of changes in relative position .of the machine and its exterior driving source. Y

Another purpose is to provide for the suitablelubrication of the various elements requiring lubrication in a machine tool organization such as described above, while preventing the lubricant from coming in contact with portions which would be damaged there by such for instance as the belt, or the motor, and tov suitably organize the lubricatingsyse tem with a Ventilating system, whereby each system assists the other in an improved mannerV to establish' and maintain a uniform temperature throughout the machine.

Another purpose is to provide a structure and organization forming a guard or enclo sure, both for a motor and for a moving belt. Another purpose,V is toorganize a structure providing chambers, openings `and passage ways suitable for theother purposes mentionedV above and of great rigidity and strength. Other obj ects of Vthe invention will be apparent from Vthis disclosure and its accompanying claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters are used to indicate thesame parts throughout the various views,

,Fig 1 isa left side elevation of the column of a milling machine of the type generally known as a kneey and column type milling machine and in which the inventionis enibodied, a'portion of the view being shown a section taken along line 1-4-1 of Fig. 2.

. Fig. 2 is a rearelevation of the machine, portions being sectioned to show certain details. 1

Fig is an enlarged section of a portion of the clutch operating mechanism.

Fig. Ll is a section taken along line ls-L1 of A column or main support 1, rotatably supports a tool spindle 2 journaied in a front wall 3 and a rear wall 4, the spindle ends project`- ing outside the walls for various purposes. The column also supports a plurality of overarins 5 and 6 slidably mounted to be shoved forward in case they are required for sup porting the end of a tool arbor or for other reasons, or to be shoved to the rear to be out of theway of the operating activities in case they not required. Vertically slidable on thefront wall 3 is a knee, or work support 7 which ordinarily supports other relatively movable work supports such as a saddle and table, the construction of which being well known is not here shown. A left side wall 8, a right side wall 9, a bottom wall and a top wall 11 are combined with the front and rear walls to provide a hollow box like form for the column. A horizontal wall or rib 12 forms, in combination with other wall portions a chamber 13 in the base of the structure suitable for retaining cuttingiiuid for use in cooling the work and cutters, or for other purposes, and also provides a support for a motor 14 removably fixed thereon. A' speed change mechanism to be described in detail is housed within a chamber or portion of the structure generally denoted .by the numeral 15 which is formed by portions the front, top and right and left hand walls and by a vertical wall or rib 16 lying in a plane substantiallyv parallel to the piane of the front' wall 3 and spaced substantially distant from therear wall 1, the bottoni wall thereof being provided by a substantially horizontal wall or rib 1'?, which is spaced suiiiciently distant from the horizontal wall 12 to provide vertical space for motor 11i. Y Y

rlhe various walls described above, or por tions thereof form a chamber generally denoted by the numeral 18, within which motor 14e is housed.

ln the rear wall d is a substantial opening to permit of'inserting motor 14 and av pulley 19, the opening being closed by a removable housing or supporting plate member 20, retained when in place by bolts 21.`

The left wall 8 is provided near the base of the machine with an opening 22 into the chamber 18 to which-'is fitted a removable plate 23 having a series of openings 2li formed by a series of downwardly slanted portions 25, thel plate serving to permit a large volume of air to pass into chamber 18 while Aexcluding even comparatively small soli dobjects, and the downward slant of the portions 25'prevents oil or other fluid which might run down the side wall 8 from passing into the chamber.

The construction above described provides a substantial vertical passageway 26 opening into the chamber 18 at its lowervend and substantially open at its top which acts as .a chimney through which air drawn through the opening 22 and heated in the operion of motor 14 is drawn out of the champrovided with an elongated shank portion 28, rotatably supportedfrom'the member 2O and in axial alignmentwith the motor shaft 29, which projects into ar suitable b'ore'in the shank. Fixed on the motorshaft is a clutch member 30, the clutch member and the end of the shank portion 28 being formedl to provide interlocking teeth providing a cou.

pling whereby the pinion is driven from the motor. A gear 81 fixed on a` sleeve 32 rotatably supportedA from the member 20, is driven from pinion 27 through an idler 33. Gear 31 isprovided with clutch teeth 34 and 1 a clutch member 35, axially shiftable on but keyed to revolve with a shaft 36, is provided' with clutch teeth'complementary to the clutch teeth `34 and maybe shifted inthe one direction to engage therewith or inthe `other direction to disengage.

, The shaft 36 is rotatablein an axialbore of the sleeve l32 through which it extends'and is further extended to have a bearing in a boss 37 .on-the front wall 3. To shift the clutch Amember 35 arod 38 is fixed with the member at the oneY end and is extended to Ward the front wallB inV anaxiall bore in the shaft 36 (see Figs. 1, 3 and 4) to a point near the boss 37, where a pin 39 is passed '.1- through the rod and through slotted holes 40V in the shaft 36, the ends being fixed ,inV a spool member 41 slidable on shaft 36 and having anV annular groove 42. A hand lever 43, outside the'wall 8 is fixed kon a shaft 44 pivoted in a boss 45 in the wall 8 and has fixedon its inner enda lever 46 provided with pivoted 'shoes engaging in the `annular groove 42. By the mechanism described clutch member 3 5may` be shiftedin either` directionfbyfthe movement of the hand lever 43 in theV one or the other direction. f

Slidably keyed on shaft 36 are gears 49-50-51respectively engageable one at a time with the gears 52, 53, 54, fixedjona shaft having va bearing at 56 in the 'wall 16 and at 57 in the wall 3. Also fixed'on shaft 55 is a. pinion 58 vmeshing with a gear 59 fixed onspindle 2. The gear pairs49-v-52, 50-53, 51-54 are of different' ratio and as the gears 49450-51 are shifted tok engage withthe other gears the speed of the shaft 55 andof spindle 2 is correspondingly changed, the several gear pairs thus constituting ineffeet a speed change mechanism. `Gears* 49-50'-51 are lfixedy together to be shifted. l

following transmission mechanism,

pump driveshaft 69 is provided with a.'

simultaneously byI themeans of a hand lever (.seeFig. `2) fixed on the outer end of a short shaft 61 pivoted in wall 8 and having Vfixed on its inner end a lever 61a connected to move the lgear set by the means of afork member 62jenga'ging the sides of .gear 50 and pivotedin the lever 61a.

By the meansfabove described the .spindle may be driven at a variety of speeds from the motor-14 in thecase that the clutch'mem- .ber is engaged.V n f "An alternative drive source is availablevas follows. Y .The pulley 1,9 is fixed on theone Vend of sleeve 32, inl a position to sta-nd directly underneath the vertical passageway 26 through which a belt 63 having portions 63a VandV 63b4may pass. Means are provided to guide the Abelt in a predetermined path through the passageway i 26 as follows. Bracket 64 is fixedon'the column 1 and pro videsfsuitable passageways for the belt and also for free passage of the air ascending through the passage 26 into whichthe passage in thefbracket communicates. RemovL fixed in the walls of thebracket 64 are bearing pins 65a, y65", 65C, 65dr sopositoned that if the distant pulley with which belt63 is in'driving relationship is situated to the leftjof the milling machine structure when viewed as in Fig. 2,.azpair of suitable guide pulleys 662L and 66` may be mounted on lthe lbearing pins 65b and 65dv as shown inFig.

and will cooperate with the periphery-.of pulley-19 to restrain the belt portions, 63a

and 6313130 paths of movement respectively STO on opposite sidesof the axis ofspindle2,

and. also on opposite sides of each ofthe overarms 5 and 6 and loutside the pathof adjustment of both the overarms, the belt paths being substantially vertical, inside the passage 26. Should the relative position` of vthe milling machine be shifted so that vthe distant pulley is to the right 'infFig 2, the

the'pulleys 66a`and66by would then be removed from the pins 65h and 65d and placed on the pins 651 and 65C` in which .position fit is apparent that the spacing of they pins and diameter ofthe guide pulleys is such as to restrain the Vbelt portions 63a and 63b to substantially the same path of movement as before.'v

The housing member 20 isformed to provide a reservoir 67 suitable to retain a quan the member 2O and may be of any suitable type ysuch., as the well known type consist-ing intermeshing enclosed gearing. The

sprocket 70 driven by the means of a chain 71 ,from a sprocket-72-fixed on sleeve 32,y

whereby'the pump is driven whenevermotion is applied to any portionof lthe machine either vfrom the motor 14 or the v'pulley 19. When so driven lubricant from reservoir 67 is elevated tok pump 68 through a suctionv lli) tity of lubricant( -A pump 68 is fixed on I -the upper end of the pipe 74,a is threaded,

the fitting ,being provided with a bore through which the pipe 7 8 passes, the threaded bore for the pipe 7 8 and for the y pipe 7 4b being provided with a 'communicating passage. The )fitting 77 is providedwith a passage communicating from the pipe 74a with a hole in the fitting `78. Thus lubricant may pass from the pipe 74a to the pipe 74" through the wall 4. The pipe 78 may turn'in the fitting 77 and be unscrewed from o the wall 4 and removed when it is desired to remove the member 20, a projecting portion 78a being provided with flats for a wrench for this purpose. The pipe 74b is fitted closely in the wall 16 where it passes through the wallto prevent lubricant leakingl into the passage 26. The pipe 75 is provided with openings 75a, 7 5b, etc. adapted to spray the lubricant over the interior of thewalls'of chamber and over the gearing contained therein, the motion of the gears therein also assisting together with the openings to more or less completely fill the chamber 15 'with ying drops of lubricant. Each of the various bearings associated with the chamber walls are provided with pockets adapted to receive some of the flying drops of lubricant, either directly or as they `flow down the sides of the walls. A typical pocket is shown `at 58a for the bearing of shaft 55. Each suoli pocket communicates with its bearing by the means of a suitable hole as at 58D. At a lower level the chamber 15 is provided with a drain consist-ing of a pipe 7 9 communicating with the chamber 15V at the one endand at the other end passing through a hole in the inner wall of the member 2O at 79, whereby surplus lubricant in the chamber 15 is returnedto the reservoir 67 vto be again elevated by pump 68, thus providing a continuous circulation-from ,and

to the chamber 15 from the reservoir.

The various bearings for the mechanism associated with the member QO'are also each provided with pockets of which the pocket 8O for the bearing of the sleeve 32 is typical and each of the pockets communicates with the associated bearing by the means ot a suitable hole or channel. such as shown at 80a for the pocket 80. The litt-ing 78 isprovided with an opening 78h communicating with the lubricant channel. therein and positioned to spray the lubricant either directly into the various pockets or against theY side vwalls from which it may flow into the pockets and onto the gearing associated with member 20. To prevent the lubricant from passing into the vmotor chamber 18 or upward. passageway 26 the inner wall of the member 20 is substantially closed forming together with various other? walls a substantially closed chamber generally denoted by the numeral 81, the reservoir 67 being in reality the lower portion of' such closed chamber in which the gears, 27, 31 and 33 are housed.. Lubricant sprayed from the opening 7 8" will therefore eventually iind its way back to the reservoir to be used again thus providing a continuous circulation of lubricant for the mechanism within the chamber 8l. For purposes of assembling, inspecting and adjusting the mechanismin the chamber 81 an opening is provided at 82, which is ordinarily closed by a removable cover plate 83.

Any lubricant which may enter the nio-tor chamber 1S in spite of vthe precautions described above will collect on the lower wall lthereof and passtl'irough `an opening 84 into the chamber 13 to mii; with the cutter cooling fluid therein where it will do no harm, but it will be apparent that the quantity of such lubricant will be extremely small.

A preferred embodiment of the invention has'now been fully described. lt will be apparent that a variety ot equivalent forms may be. given thereto without vdeparting from the spirit and scope thereof as particupointed out in the accompanying claims.v

Ve claim:

1. ln a machine tool thev combination of a plurality of transmission chambers separated by a Ventilating passageway and a motorchamber substantially underneath one of said `transmission chambers and connected with said passageway, a speed change transmission mechanism in one of said transmission chambers, gearing in the other of said transmission chambers, and transmission mechanism connecting said gearing to drive said speed change transmission including a' shaft passing through said passageway.

ln a milling machine the combination of a structure including a hollow column providing a front plate, a tool spindle horizontally rotatably journaled in said column at an Lipper level thereof, a work supporting yknee slidably guided in said front plate for vertical adjustment relative to said spindle, said column providing interior partitions forming an upper chamber and a lower chamber each adjacent said front plate and a passageway remote from said front plate and upwardly open and opening at the lower end into said lower chamber, a transmission for said spindle including rate change gearing within said upper chamber and a motor within saidlower chamber and connected to actuate said gearing, a lubricating system for said transmission including a reservoir associated with said column and means for elevating lubricant from said reservoir to re- Aturnthereto over said gearing and over some @portions of the of the walls of said upper Chamber, said eolumn providing an opening into said lower chamber and at a lower level of the Column, the llast mentioned opening together with said lower chamber and said passageway` providing a Ventilating Channel adapted to pass a Current of air through said Column remote Lfrom' said front plate and adjacent to last mentioned walls of said upper chamber.V y I 'i Y' EDWARD J, KEARNEY.

JOSEPH B. fARlVIYFAGrE.A 

